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Jun 29, 2021
Silicone softener originated in the 1950s, and its development has gone through four stages.
The first generation of silicone softener: the mechanical emulsification method is used to emulsify dimethyl silicone oil, but since the silicone oil itself does not contain active groups, it is not fast enough to bind to the fabric and is not washable. The effect of single use is not ideal, so it is rarely used as a softening agent now, but dimethyl silicone oil emulsion is still widely used in other fields, such as: shampoo softener, mold release agent, etc.; hydroxy silicone oil, silicone with hydroxy head Emulsion, under the action of metal catalysis, the softener can form a network crosslink on the surface of the fabric, which enhances the washing resistance, and the stability and softening effect are improved. However, due to the single function, it is easy to "bleach oil and demulsify", etc. Disadvantages, it was replaced by second-generation silicone softeners before industrial application.
The second-generation silicone softener: Ammonia-based modified silicone oil, referred to as amino silicone oil, can be regarded as the product of dimethyl silicone oil with partial methyl groups (including side positions and terminal positions) replaced by amino hydrocarbon groups. In addition to retaining the original hydrophobicity and mold release properties of dimethyl silicone oil, the presence of amino hydrocarbon groups can also give it reactivity, adsorption, lubricity and softness. Therefore, it is used in fabric softening finishing agents and polishing agents. , Coating additives and resin modifiers have been widely used, and become the most used variety in carbon-functional silicone oil.
The third-generation silicone softener: polyether-modified amino silicone oil, which refers to the side-chain type polyether by the hydrosilylation addition reaction of side-chain hydrogen-containing silicone oil, allyl epoxy compound and allyl polyether Ether epoxy silicone oil intermediate, and then use organic amine to carry out the ammonia unraveling reaction to obtain polyether modified amino silicone oil. After the fabric is treated, it is not only soft and smooth, but also has excellent moisture absorption.
Fourth-generation silicone softener: block modified silicone oil. It has been greatly improved in softness, washing resistance, elasticity and hydrophilicity, which meets the various needs of users for fabrics, and has become the mainstream direction of the development of silicone softeners.
Molecular configuration evolution
Block modified silicone oil
Block silicone oil can cross-link with silicone oils with similar functional groups and other functional groups to form a network structure, forming a thin film on the fiber, and because the amino groups in the block silicone oil are polar, it is easy for some substances on the fiber. The functional groups interact with each other to fix the main chain of the block silicone oil on the surface of the fiber in a certain direction, thereby anchoring the film formed by the block silicone oil on the fiber of the fabric.
This layer of film has a good protective effect on the fabric, reduces the friction coefficient between the fibers, provides various excellent properties to the fabric, and greatly enhances the washing resistance of silicone oil. Block silicone oil is a non-toxic and non-polluting green chemical product, which has been widely used in the textile industry.
Advantages of block modified silicone oil
One of the synthetic methods of block silicone oil (amino polyether)
Hydrogen-containing double head method
First, the terminal hydrogen-containing double head and D4 or DMC are ring-opened and polymerized to form the terminal hydrogen-containing silicone oil, and then the terminal hydrogen-containing silicone oil and allyl glycidyl ether are catalyzed by platinum metal to carry out the siloxane terminal hydrogen bond and carbon double bond Addition reaction, then, the adduct is reacted and condensed with polyetheramine under solvent conditions.